A Physical and Emotional Lifelong Injury


Acute Physical Consequences:

  • bleeding
  • wound infections
  • sepsis
  • shock

Chronic Physical Consequences:

  • anemia
  • reoccurring urinary tract infections
  • incontinence
  • infertility
  • pain
  • menstrual problems
  • hemorrhaging
  • swelling of the stomach
  • damage to adjacent organs
  • dermoid cysts or keloids
  • risk of prolonged delivery
  • postpartum blood loss of more than 500 mL
  • perineal tears
  • birth defects
  • inpatient perinatal death
  • increased risk of HIV infections
  • death
Psychological Consequences:

  • fear
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • change in personality
  • nightmares
  • chronic irritability
  • other psychosomatic/psychiatric diseases 
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